Qena, located in Upper Egypt along the east bank of the Nile River, serves as the capital of the Qena Governorate. Historically known as Caene, meaning "New Town" in Greek, the city is situated approximately 63 kilometers north of Luxor. Qena is renowned for its proximity to the Dendera Temple Complex, one of Egypt's best-preserved ancient sites, dedicated to the goddess Hathor. The city experiences a hot desert climate (BWh), with average high temperatures ranging from 22°C in January to 38°C in June and July. Qena's strategic location near the Wadi Qena, a vital route connecting Upper Egypt to the Red Sea, has historically contributed to its significance as a trade and transportation hub.