Kano, the capital of Kano State in northern Nigeria, is the country's second-largest city, with over four million residents. Located on the savanna south of the Sahel, Kano has been a hub of trans-Saharan trade and human settlement for millennia. Known as one of the seven medieval Hausa kingdoms, it is home to the Dabo dynasty, whose emirs have ruled since the 19th century. Renowned as the "centre of commerce," Kano boasts a rich history shaped by Islam, which arrived in the 11th century, and remains a cosmopolitan city with Hausa as the regional lingua franca.